References Index - International Shugden Community

Abbreviations:

Bell refers to Charles Bell, A Portrait of a Dalai Lama: The Life and Times of the Great Thirteenth (London: Wisdom Publications, 1987).

Dhondup refers to K. Dhondup, The Water-bird and Other Years: A History of the Thirteenth Dalai Lama and After (New Delhi: Rangwang Publishers, 1986).

Gelder refers to Gelder and Gelder, The Timely Rain: Travels in New Tibet (London: Hutchinson, 1964).

Goetz refers to John Goetz, ‘On the Outs with the Dalai Lama’, NOW Magazine (Toronto, Canada) Vol. 17, No. 21, 22-28 January 1998.

Goldstein (1) refers to Melvyn C. Goldstein, The Snow Lion and the Dragon – China, Tibet and the Dalai Lama (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997).

Goldstein (2) refers to Melvyn C. Goldstein, A History of Modern Tibet Volume 1: 1913-1951 The Demise of the Lamaist State (Berkeley, Los Angeles & London: University of California, 1989).

Grunfeld refers to Tom A. Grunfeld, The Making of Modern Tibet (New York & London: M.E. Sharpe 1996).

Kundeling Rinpoche refers to Kundeling Rinpoche, Interview with Gen Kelsang Tharchin, New York & Washington, May 1998, (unpublished).

Lazar refers to Edward Lazar (ed.), Tibet, the Issue is Independence (Parallax Press/Full Circle, 1998).

Norbu refers to Jamyang Norbu, Shadow Tibet: Selected Writing 1989-2004 (New York: High Asia Press, 2004)

Powers refers to John Powers, Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism, (New York: Snow Lion Publications, 2007).

Shakabpa refers to Tsepon W. D. Shakabpa, Tibet: A Political History (New York: Potala Publications, 1984), pp100-103.

Swiss TV refers to Beat Regli, ‘Dalai Lama: Discord in Exile’, 10 vor 10, (DRS Swiss Television), January 1998.

Yamaguchi refers to Zuiho Yamaguchi, The Sovereign Power of the Fifth Dalai Lama: sPrul sku gZims-khang-gong-ma and the Removal of Governor Norbu, Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (The Oriental Library) No.55, (Tokyo: The Tokyo Bunko, 1995).

References and notes:

1. Anonymous, Ocean of Truth Explained (in Tibetan: gtam drang bden rgya mtsho). The author worked for the Tibetan government and concealed his identity. The other sources of personal testimony referred to in this chapter have also requested that their identities be withheld, to protect their own lives and the lives of their friends and relatives.

2. ‘Boy chosen by Dalai Lama as reincarnation of spiritual leader turns back on Buddhist order’, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/may/31/dalai-lama-osel-hita-torres, 31 May 2009].

3. ‘Osel’s awakening, a kid against his destiny’, Babylon Magazine, [http://www.magazinebabylon.com/BabylonMagazine5.pdf].

4. ‘Hypocrite Dalai Lama, Report from India’, The Tibetan Situation Today, (Western Shugden Society, London, 2008) [http://www.westernshugdensociety.org/files/tibetan_situation.pdf]

5. Tony Clifton, ‘Cult Mystery’, Newsweek, 28 April 1997.

6. [http://www.westernshugdensociety.org/en/reports/open-letter-from-western-shugden-society/].

7. Kyabje Trijang Rinpoche (tr. David Molk), Music Delighting an Ocean of Protectors, [http://dorjeshugden.com/wp/?page_id=52].

8. Fifth Dalai Lama, in Tibetan: ’Jam.mgön rgyal.wa’i bsten.srung rdo.rje shugs.lden kyi ’phrin.bchol bhjoks.bsdus, published by Sera Mey Monastery, p14; English translation (unattributed.), Prayer by the 5th Dalai Lama to Gyelchen Dorje Shugden, [ http://dorjeshugden.com/wp/?page_id=341, 21 September 2009]. For another English translation (unattributed.), see Fifth Dalai Lama, Propitiation of Shugden by the Great Fifth Dalai Lama, [www.shugdensociety.info/Bernis2EN.html, 21 September 2009].

9. [http://dorjeshugden.com/wp/?p=220] See also Trinley Kalsang, [http://www.dorjeshugdenhistory.org/trode-khangsar.html].

10. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, in Tibetan: ’Jam mgon rgyal ba’i bstan srung rgyal chen rdo rje shugs ldan rtsal la ’phrin las bcol ba ’gag med rdo rje sgra dbyangs bzhugs so; English translation, Melody of the Unceasing Vajra: A Propitiation of Mighty Gyalchen Dorje Shugden, Protector of Conqueror Manjushri Tsongkhapa’s Teachings, (tr. Western Shugden Society). For another and complete English translation, see www.dorjeshugden.com/Prayers/Melody of the Unceasing Vajra by the 14th Dalai Lama.

11. Phuntsog Wangyal, ‘The Influence of Religion on Tibetan Politics’, The Tibet Journal, ed., Tsering, Vol.1, July-Sept 1975, 78-86.

12. Ibid.

13. ‘Nechung – The State Oracle of Tibet’, The Government of Tibet in Exile Official Website, [http://www.tibet.com, 23 August 2008]. Although this website says that word ‘oracle’ refers to a spirit that enters a human being, an oracle normally means a human being through whom a spirit is believed to speak.

14. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Freedom in Exile (Great Britain, Abacus edition, 2002), 233-4.

15. Ibid. 233-4.

16. Ibid. 235.

17. Ibid. 236.

18. Norbu, 290-1.

19. Ibid. 291.

20. Dhondup, 148.

21. Bell, 440

22. Ibid. 436

23. Ibid. 436-7.

24. Goldstein (2), 141

25. Prince Peter of Greece and Denmark, quoted in Norbu, 290-1.

26. Norbu, 292.

27. Tibet in Exile, [www.dorjeshugden.com/articles/TibetinExile.pdf, 29 September 2008].

28. Ibid.

29. Goldstein (1), 108-9.

30. Norbu, 292.

31. Helmut Gassner, ‘Dalai Lama, Dorje Shugden’, Speech to Friedrich-Naumann-Foundation, Hamburg, 26 March 1998, 3, 4 & 8, [http://www.dorjeshugden.com/articles/HelmutGassner01.pdf & http://www.tibet-internal.com/SpeechAtNaumannFoundation.PDF, 23 September 2009]

32. Norbu, 293-4.

33. James Belither, ‘Chronicle of Events’, The Dalai Lama: A Report on the Dalai Lama’s Abuses of Human Rights and Religious Freedoms, (Ulverston, 1997), 40.

34. Victor & Victoria Trimondi, Shadow of the Dalai Lama – Part II – 7. 2003, [www.iivs.de].

35. See reference 33.

36. John Goetz & Jochen Graebert, Panorama ARD – German TV, 20 November 1997.

37. The Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Freedom in Exile, (Great Britain, Abacus edition, 2002), 133.

38. Dorje Tseten, ‘Tibetan Art of Divination’, The Government of Tibet in Exile website, (Tibetan Bulletin, March-April 1995), [www.tibet.com/Buddhism/Divination.html, 22 September 2009].

39. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Talk at Sera Monastery, 1980. The Dalai Lama also mentions making decisions by using oracles, dream and divination by throwing dough-balls in A Talk Concerning Shugden Practice 13 July 1978, from An Anthology of Talks Given by His Holiness The Dalai Lama Concerning Reliance Upon the Dharma Protectors, (Dharamsala: LTWA).

40. J. C. Deus, ‘Is the Dalai Lama a Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing?’, Más Allá de la Ciencia No.103, September 1997.

41. Grunfeld, 28.

42. Quoted in H.R.H. Prince Peter of Greece and Denmark’s chapter, Tibetan Oracles, in James F. Fisher, Himalayan Anthropology. The Indo-Tibetan Interface (The Hague: Mouton Publishers, 1978), 287.

43. Powers, 475.

44. Ram Rahul, Dalai Lama: The Institution (New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House, 1995), 29.

45. Powers, 163-4; & Shakabpa, 100-3.

46. Yamaguchi.

47. Ibid.

48. Shakabpa, 103.

49. Ibid. 105.

50. Ibid. 105.

51. Goldstein (1), 9.

52. Yamaguchi, 8.

53. Powers, 168.

54. Yamaguchi, 10.

55. Marylin M. Rhie & Robert A. F. Thurman, Wisdom and Compassion: The Sacred Art of Tibet (Tibet House/Abradale Press, 1997), 300-1

56. Quoted in Yamaguchi, 16.

57. For details of Tulku Dragpa Gyaltsen’s death see: Yamaguchi; & Kundeling Rinpoche, An Authority in Question, (unpublished thesis), 28-30; & A Talk Concerning Shugden Practice 13 July 1978, from An Anthology of Talks Given by His Holiness The Dalai Lama Concerning Reliance Upon the Dharma Protectors, (Dharamsala, LTWA).

58. Kundeling Rinpoche, An Authority in Question, (unpublished thesis), 28-30.

59. Yamaguchi, 17.

60. See reference 7.

61. This was a ‘blessing empowerment’ and not a ‘life empowerment ’.

62. From an unpublished transcript of oral teachings.

63. See reference 8.

64. Yamaguchi, 19.

65. Ibid.

66. Ibid. 23.

67. Ibid. 25.

68. Elliott Sperling ‘Orientalism’ and Aspects of Violence in the Tibetan Tradition, Imagining Tibet, Thierry Dodin & Heinz Räther (eds.), (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001), 319.

69. Ibid. 318.

70. Shakabpa, 123.

71. Elliott Sperling ‘Orientalism’ and Aspects of Violence in the Tibetan Tradition, Imagining Tibet, Thierry Dodin & Heinz Räther (eds.), (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001), 318.

72. Cabinet of the Tibetan Government in Exile (Dharamsala), ‘Kashag’s Statement concerning Dhogyal,’ May 31st 1996, [http://www.dalailama.com/page.134.htm (accessed September 24, 2009)].

73. Shakabpa, 125.

74. Ibid. 126.

75. K. Dhondup, Songs of the Sixth Dalai Lama, (Dharamsala: LTWA, 1996).

76. Shakabpa, 128 & 132.

77. Inder L. Malik, Dalai Lamas of Tibet: Succession of Births (New Delhi: Uppal Publishing House, 1984), 29.

78. Grunfeld, 43.

79. Shakabpa, 129.

80. Ibid. 129.

81. Ibid., 137-8.

82. Ibid. 141.

83. Ibid. 140-1.

84. Ibid. 147.

85. Ibid. 147-50.

86. Ibid. 152.

87. Powers, 173.

88. Ram Rahul, Dalai Lama: The Institution (New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House), 54.

89. Dhondup, 2-3.

90. Bell, 70 & 72.

91. Goldstein (2), 49-50.

92. Goldstein (1), 27-8.

93. Dhondup, 39.

94. Ibid. 43.

95. Ibid. 44.

96. Ibid. 45-6 & 66.

97. Ibid. 46 & Bell, 141-2.

98. Thirteenth Dalai Lama, ‘Political Testament’, quoted in Inder L. Malik, Dalai Lamas of Tibet: Succession of Births (New Delhi: Uppal Publishing House, 1984), 51.

99. Dhondup, 50.

100. Bell, 141.

101. Dhondup, 56, 67-9 & 75-6; & Goldstein (2), 112-20.

102. From A Journey to Lhasa and Central Tibet by Sarat Chandra Das, William Woodville Rockhill, (Great Britain: Royal Geographical Society 1902), quoted in The Opening of Tibet: An Account of Lhasa and the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission Sent There by the English Government in the Year 1903-4 by Perceval Landon (London: Doubleday Page & Co., 1905), 116. The full text of which can be found: [http://www.archive.org/stream/openingtibetana01youngoog/openingtibetana01youngoog_djvu.txt].

103. Perceval Landon, The Opening of Tibet: An Account of Lhasa and the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission Sent There by the English Government in the Year 1903-4 (London: Doubleday Page & Co., 1905), 116. (An account of this incident also appears in L. Austine Waddell, Lhasa and its Mysteries (London: Methuen & Co, 1929), 7-9, where it recounts that even the Lama’s relatives were imprisoned for life.)

104. Ibid. 212 & 341; & Goldstein (2), 42-3.

105. Bell, 62-3.

106. Ibid. 178.

107. Perceval Landon, The Opening of Tibet: An Account of Lhasa and the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission Sent There by the English Government in the Year 1903-4 (London: Doubleday Page & Co., 1905).

108. Ibid.

109. Bell, 180.

110. Ibid. 179.

111. Ibid. 62.

112. Alan Winnington, Tibet: Record of a Journey (London: Lawrence & Wisheart 1957), 98-9.

113. Grunfeld, 24.

114. Robert W. Ford, Wind Between the Worlds: Captured in Tibet (1957) 37.

115. Grunfeld, 24.

116. Anna Louise Strong, When Serfs stood up in Tibet (Peking: New World Press, 1960) Chapter 8, [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/strong-anna-louise/1959/tibet/ch08.htm].

117. Bell, 183.

118. Bell, 197.

119. Dhondup, 64.

120. Ibid. 65 & Bell, 438.

121. Dhondup, 148-9.

122. Quoted in John Goetz & Jochen Graebert, Panorama, ARD – German TV, 20 November 1997.

123. Geshe Kelsang Gyatso, Heart Jewel (Ulverston: Tharpa Publications, 2009), 122.

124. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Union of Bliss and Emptiness (Snow Lion Publications, 1988), 26.

125. Geshe Kelsang Gyatso, Heart Jewel (Ulverston: Tharpa Publications, 2009), 92.

126. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Freedom in Exile (Great Britain, Abacus edition, 2002), 90.

127. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, My Land & My People (New York: Warner Books Edition, 1997), 24.

128. Goldstein (1), 45.

129. Ibid. 45.

130. Ibid. 44.

131. Goldstein (2), 772.

132. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, My Land & My People (New York: Warner Books Edition, 1997), 62.

133. Goldstein (2), 743.

134. Grunfeld, 109.

135. Goldstein (1), 47.

136. Goldstein (2), 800 & 812-3.

137. Ibid. 643-4.

138. Goldstein (1), 52.

139. Alan Winnington, Tibet: A Record of a Journey (Lawrence and Wisheart 1957), 132 & 135.

140. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, ‘His Journey’, Time, 4 October 1999.

141. Quoted in Grunfeld, 119.

142. Ibid. 141.

143. Gelder, 210.

144. Grunfeld, 143.

145. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Freedom in Exile (Great Britain, Abacus edition, 2002), 149.

146. See reference 31.

147. Swiss TV Part 3.

148. Helmut Gassner, ‘Dalai Lama, Dorje Shugden’, Speech to Friedrich-Naumann-Foundation, Hamburg, 26 March 1999, 3, 4 & 8, [http://www.dorjeshugden.com/articles/HelmutGassner01.pdf & http://www.tibet-internal.com/SpeechAtNaumannFoundation.PDF, accessed 23 September 23 2009].

149. John F. Avedon, In Exile from the Land of Snows (Wisdom Books, 1985), 269.

150. John Roberts, ‘How the CIA Saved the Dalai Lama’, George Magazine, October 1997.

151. Grunfeld, 155.

152. Quoted, ibid. 155-6.

153. Gelder, 220.

154. Grunfeld, 138-9.

155. Ibid. 144.

156. Ibid. 144.

157. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, My Land & My People (New York: Warner Books Edition, 1997), 168.

158. Ibid. 167-8.

159. Ibid. 168.

160. Gelder, illustration facing 160.

161. Edward Lazar, ‘Independence or Accommodation?’ in The Anguish of Tibet, eds. Kelly, Bastien, Aiello, (Berkeley: Parallax Press, 1991), 306.

162. Lhasang Tsering, ‘The Issue is Independence’ in Lazar, 37.

163. Jamyang Norbu, ‘The Heart of the Matter’ in Lazar, 32.

164. Tashi-Tobgye Jamyangling, ‘The Issue is Independence’, in Lazar, 72.

165. Goldstein (1), 88.

166. Lhasang Tsering, quoted in Goetz.

167. Goldstein (1), 87-8.

168. Edward Lazar, ‘Independence or Accommodation?’ in The Anguish of Tibet, eds. Kelly, Bastien, Aiello, (Berkeley: Parallax Press, 1991), 308.

169. Ibid. 307-8.

170. Ibid. 306.

171. Grunfeld, 141.

172. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, My Land & My People (New York: Warner Books Edition, 1977), 85 & 87.

173. Gelder, 204-5.

174. Grunfeld, 141.

175. James Belither, ‘A Cry for Help’, The Dalai Lama: A Report on the Dalai Lama’s Abuses of Human Rights and Religious Freedoms, (Ulverston, 1997), 10 & Norbu, 18.

176. The Times of India, Delhi, 30 May 1996.

177. Pico Iyer, ‘The God in Exile’, Time, 22 December 1997.

178. Shirong Chen, ‘Tibet ‘‘Chinese issue’’ says Dalai: The Tibetan spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, has said the Tibetan issue is a Chinese domestic problem’, 10 August 2009, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8194138.stm].

179. Edward Lazar, ‘Independence or Accommodation?’ in The Anguish of Tibet, eds. Kelly, Bastien, Aiello, (Berkeley: Parallax Press, 1991), 306.

180. Melvyn C. Goldstein, The Dalai Lama’s Dilemma, Foreign Affairs, Jan-Feb. 1998.

181. Ibid.

182. Ibid.

183. Ibid.

184. Goldstein (1), 90.

185. An Appeal to the Chinese People, by the Dalai Lama, 28 March 2008 [http://www.dalailama.com/page.226.htm].

186. BBC News, Tibet ‘Chinese Issue’ says Dalai, 10 August 2009, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8194138.stm].

187. Dalai Lama meets with Media, March 16 2008, [http://www.dalailama.com/page.214.htm].

188. March 10th Statement of the Dalai Lama, [http://www.dalailama.com/news.350.htm 9 March 2009].

189. The Daily Telegraph, 15 August 1998

190. Address by the Dalai Lama to the Tibetan-Chinese Conference in Geneva, Thursday 6 August 2009 [http://www.dalailama.com/news.411.htm].

191. Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Jiang Yu’s Press Conference on 17 April 2008 [http://au.china-embassy.org/eng/fyrth/t426648.htm].

192. Tina Lam, Detroit Free Press, 18 April 2008 [http://www.dalailama.com/news.239.htm, Dalai Lama speaks on Chinese Olympics].

193. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, ‘An Appeal to the Chinese People’, 28 March 2008 [http://www.dalailama.com/page.226.htm].

194. John Ray, ITV News, ‘Dalai Lama calls for Olympic Protests’, 18 January 2008, [http://www.itv.com/News/Articles/Dalai-Lama-calls-for-Olympic-protests.html].

195. ‘Dalai Lama reaffirms his support for Beijing Olympics’, 8 March 2008, [http://tibetaffairs.blogspot.com/2008/03/dalai-lama-reaffirms-his-support-for.html].

196. Free Tibet, ‘Dalai Lama calls on supporters to stage peaceful protests during the Olympics’, 22 January 2008, [http://www.freetibet.org/newsmedia/dalai-lama-calls-supporters-stage-peaceful-protests-during-olympics].

197. BBC News, Report on protests in London [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7332942.stm] & Report on protests in Paris, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7334545.stm]; Andrew Buncombe, The Independent, ‘Violence in Nepal as Tibetans protest Olympics’, 31 March 2008, [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/violence-in-nepal-as-tibetans-protest-olympics-802732.html].

198. Conference Press Statement: ‘Tibet Conference comes up with a Roadmap for Peace in Tibet’, Central Tibetan Administration Official Website [http://www.tibet.net/en/index.php?id=266&rmenuid=11].

199. Ibid.

200. Voice – Tibetan Woman’s Association Quarterly Newsletter, April-June 2007, Volume 2 Issue 1 [http://www.tibetanwomen.org/publications/newsletters/2007/2007.5-twa_newsletter.pdf].

201. [http://www.tibetanwomen.org/press/2008/2008.01.04-press_conf.html]

202. Xinhua, ‘China publishes evidences of Dalai clique’s masterminding of riots’, 1 April 2008 [http://www.chinaembassy.org.nz/eng/xw/t420234.htm].

203. Phayul, ‘Exiled Tibetans plan protest March to Tibet ahead of Beijing Olympics’, 4 January 2008 [http://www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=18982].

204. Phayul, ‘Tibetan People’s Uprising Movement to reinvigorate the Tibetan freedom movement’, Wednesday, 20 February 2008 [http://www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=19302].

205. Phayul, ‘Tibetan People’s Uprising Movement declares more protests worldwide’, 22 July 2008 [http://www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=22059].

206. TYC official site [http://www.tibetanyouthcongress.org/aboutus.html]; TWA official site [http://www.tibetanwomen.org/about/]; Gu Chu Sum official site [http://www.guchusum.org/AboutUs/WhatWeDo/tabid/86/Default.aspx], 25 September 2009.

207. TYC official site [http://www.tibetanyouthcongress.org/aboutus.html#aims_and_objectives].

208. Somini Sengupta and Hari Kumar, New York Times, ‘Dalai Lama won’t stop Tibet protests’, 16 March 2008 [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/16/world/asia/16cnd-tibet.html]. The news conference itself can be seen on: [http://www.dalailama.com/news.217.htm (22 September 2009)].

209. Ibid.

210. Bill Schiller, The Toronto Star, ‘Canadians caught in Tibet Violence’, 17 March 2008, [http://www.thestar.com/News/World/article/346763]; Chris Johnson, The Toronto Star, ‘I can’t just let this guy die on the ground’ 17 March 2008 [http://www.thestar.com/News/World/article/346769]; CCTV, ‘March 14: The Lhasa Riots’, [http://www.cctv.com/english/special/tibetriots/01/index.shtml].

211. Radio France International, 2 April 2008 [http://www.rfi.fr/actucn/articles/100/article_6734.asp (in Chinese)].

212. Isabel Hilton, The Independent (London), ‘Tibet: Desperate nation prepares to defy might of Peking’, 20 October 1997 [http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4891144.html].

213. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, ‘An Appeal to the Chinese People’, 28 March 2008 [http://www.dalailama.com/page.226.htm].

214. Grants awarded by the NED to Tibetan groups: [http://www.ned.org/grants/08programs/grants-asia08.html#ChinaTibet in 2008]; [http://www.ned.org/grants/07programs/grants-asia07.html#ChinaTibet in 2007]; [http://www.ned.org/grants/06programs/grants-asia06.html#ChinaTibet in 2006], etc.

215. B.Raman, ‘The National Endowment for Democracy of the US’, South Asia Analysis Group, 13 April 2000 [http://www.southasiaanalysis.org/papers2/paper115.html].

216. Joel Brinkly, New York Times, ‘Iran sales linked to wide program of covert policies’, 15 February 1987 [http://www.nytimes.com/1987/02/15/world/iran-sales-linked-to-wide-program-of-covert-policies.html].

217. David Ignatius, The Washington Post, ‘Innocence Abroad: The New World of Spyless Coups’, 22 September 1991 [http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1086157.html].

218. Kenneth Conboy and James Morrison, The CIA’s Secret War in Tibet, (University Press of Kansas, 2002); BBC Documentary, ‘The Shadow Circus: The CIA in Tibet’, 1998, [http://www.whitecranefilms.com/film/circus.html]; Jamyang Norbu, Warriors of Tibet (Wisdom Publications, 1986).

219. In 1974, the Dalai Lama claimed that: ‘The accusation of CIA aid has no truth behind it’, (Quoted in Grunfeld:) ‘Diplomacy and the Dalai Lama,’ FEER (Far Eastern Economic Review)18 March 1974, 32.

220. Kenneth L Woodward, Newsweek, ‘A Scratch in the Teflon Lama’, May 1998 [http://www.newsweek.com/id/92429].

221. Wikipedia, Panchen Lama, 15 September 2009.

222. Goldstein (1), 100-3.

223. Ibid. 106

224. Tibet Press Watch, May 1995, 13; as quoted in Goldstein (1), 106.

225. Goldstein (1), 106-9.

226. Ibid. 108-10.

227. Dawa Norbu, Tibet: The Road Ahead (London: Rider, 1997), quoted in Imagining Tibet, eds. Thierry Dodin & Heinz Räther, 301 (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001).

228. Ursula Bernis, Exiled from Exile 1996-1999, [http://www.shugdensociety.info/Bernis0EN.html, October 6th 2008].

229. Grunfeld, 200-1.

230. Tibet - Constitution, [http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/t100000_.html].

231. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Freedom in Exile (Great Britain, Abacus edition, 2002), 233-4.

232. Swiss TV, Part 2.

233. Ibid.

234. Ibid.

235. Ibid.

236. Ibid.

237. Palden Gyal, Tibetan News, ‘Paper Tigers’, No. 22, Spring 1997.

238. Ibid.

239. Jamyang Norbu, Tibetan News, ‘Tibet’s Cultural Confusion’, No. 21, Autumn 1997.

240. Heather Stoddard, ‘Tibetan Publications and National Identity’, Robbie Barnett and Shirin Akiner (eds.), Resistance and Reform in Tibet, 121-56 (London: Hurst and Co.), quoted in Imagining Tibet, Thierry Dodin & Heinz Räther (eds.), 368 (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001)

241. Lhasang Tsering in Foreword to Illusion and Reality by Jamyang Norbu (Dharamsala: Tibetan Youth Congress, 1989), 10.

242. The Times of India, Delhi, 30 May 1996.

243. The Dalai Lama, Tibet Foundation Newsletter No. 22, ‘Meaningful Dialogue’, November 1997.

244. As quoted by James Belither, The Dalai Lama: A Report on the Dalai Lama’s Abuses of Human Rights and Religious Freedoms, (Ulverston, 1997), 19.

245. Ursula Bernis, Exiled from Exile 1996-1999, [http://www.shugdensociety.info/Bernis0EN.htm, 6 October 2008].

246. Cabinet of Tibet Government in Exile – Dharamsala, ‘Kashag’s Statement concerning Dhogyal’, May 31st 1996, [http://www.dalailama.com/page.134.htm, 1 August 2008].

247. Statement by Samdhong Rinpoche, 30 August 2009, Radio Free Asia (Tibetan Service), Washington D.C., USA. [[email protected]].

248. James Belither, ‘Chronicle of Events’, The Dalai Lama: A Report on the Dalai Lama’s Abuses of Human Rights and Religious Freedoms, (Ulverston, 1997).

249. C. Henry & N. Haque, ‘The Dalai Lama’s Demons’ France 24 Special Reports, 8 August 2008, [http://www.france24.com/en/20080808-dalai-lama-demons-india-buddhism-dorje-shugden, 21 August 2008].

250. Al Jazeera, 7 October 2008 [http://www.wisdombuddhadorjeshugden.blogspot.com/2008/10/al-jazeera-news-documentary-video.html, 22 September 2009]

251. http://www.westernshugdensociety.org/en/chronicle/dalai-lama-events-events-of-2008-march-april10/

252. Video interview and transcript, 29 April 2008, [http://www.westernshugdensociety.org/en/news/kelsang-pema-responds-to-comments-by-the-dalai-lamas-representative-tashi-w/, 8 October 2009].

253. BBC News, ‘Protest at Dalai Lama prayer ban’, 27 May 2008, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/nottinghamshire/7421888.stm, 22 September 2009].

254. Cabinet of Tibet Government in Exile – Dharamsala: ‘points of the Kashag’s Statement concerning Dolgyal’, 31 May 1996, [http://www.dalailama/com.page.134.htm, 1 August 2008].

255. The Government of Tibet in Exile (posting by Tseten Samdup): ‘Shugden verses pluralism and national unity controversy and clarification’, 2 November 1997, [http://www.tibet.com/dholgyal/CTA-book/chapter-1.html, 29 July 2008].

256. Quoted in: ‘Chronicle of Events – 2008’ The Tibetan Situation Today, (Western Shugden Society, London, 2008), [http://media.westernshugdensociety.net/Tibetan_Situation_Today.pdf, August 17th 2008].

257. See reference 247.

258. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Union of Bliss and Emptiness (Snow Lion Publications, 1988), 148.

260. Khyongla Rato, My Life and Lives, (New York: Rato Publications, 1977 & 1991), 12.

261. Kalu Rinpoche, Adarsha Magazine, ‘The Spirit of all Traditions’, 1997.

262. Donald Lopez, Tricycle: The Buddhist Review, ‘An Interview with Geshe Kelsang Gyatso’, Vol.3 Spring 1998.

263. Kundeling Rinpoche.

264. James Belither, ‘A Cry for Help’, The Dalai Lama: A Report on the Dalai Lama’s Abuses of Human Rights and Religious Freedoms, (Ulverston, 1997).

265. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, ‘Concerning Dhogyal with reference to the views of past masters and other related matters’, Dharamsala, October 1997 [http://www.dalai lama.com.page.155.htm, 25 September 2009].

266. Kundeling Rinpoche.

267. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Union of Bliss and Emptiness (Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications, 1988), 26

268. Official website of the Central Tibetan Administration: Projected population in 2007, [www.tibet.net/en/index.php?id=9, 25 September 2008, 4 October 2008].

269. Grunfeld, 200.

270. Nation Master Encyclopedia, ‘Government of Tibet in Exile’ [www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Government-of-Tibet-in-exile, 5 October 2008].

271. Dept. of Information, Government of Tibet in Exile, ‘Structure of the Tibetan Government-In-Exile’, 1996, [www.tibet.com/Govt/brief.html].

272. Grunfeld, 200-2 & 228.

273. Tsering Wangyal, Tibetan Review Vol XIV No.9, September 1979, [http://editola.blogspot.com, 5 October 1998].

274. Tibet in Exile, [http://www.dorjeshugden.com/articles/TibetinExile.pdf, 29 September 2008].

275. Ibid.

276. Ibid.

277. ‘Lessons from Tibetans in Taiwan’, [http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2261/8135/1/ioc152014.pdf].

278. Ursula Bernis, Exiled from Exile 1996-1999, [http://www.shugdensociety.info/Bernis0EN.html, 6 October 2008].

279. Michael Backman, ‘Behind the Dalai Lama’s holy cloak’, [http://www.theage.com.au/news/business/behind-dalai-lamas-holy-cloak/2007/05/22/1179601410290.html].

280. Kundeling Rinpoche.

281. Chagdud Tulku, Lord of the Dance (Junction City, CA, USA: Padma Publishing, 1992), 188.

282. From http://karmapa.controverse.free.fr/VA/VAdifficultes.html, 25 September 2009.

283. Mick Brown, Dance of 17th Lives: The Incredible True Story of Tibet’s 17th Karmapa (London: Bloomsbury, 2004).

284. G. Chhetri, Sunday Magazine, New Delhi, 13-19 December 1998.

285. Shamar Rinpoche, ‘Letter to the Private Office of the Dalai Lama’, 7 February 1997.

286. ‘Interview with Jigme Rinpoche, 20 March 1994’, Kagyu Life International No.1, 1994.

287. Kyabje Pabongka Rinpoche, Heart-Spoon, ‘Biographies’, (Wisdom Publications, 1995).

288. The Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Talk given 27 March 2006, [www.dalailama.com/page.135.htm].

289. The Fourteenth Dalai Lama, ‘Concerning Dholgyal with reference to the views of past masters and other related matters’, A talk on Dholgyal by the Dalai Lama during the course of religious teachings in Dharamsala, October 1997, [www.dalailama.com/page.155.htm].

290. Goldstein (2), 362

292. Geshe Lobsang Tharchin, Foreword to Tsongkapa, The Principal Teachings of Buddhism, (Howell, NJ, USA: Mahayana Sutra and Tantra Press, 1988).

293. Khyongla Rato, My Life and Lives, (New York: Rato Publications, 1977 & 1991).

294. Mandala magazine, ‘Holy Beings: Transforming suffering into pure joy’, March/April 1997.

295. ‘Pabongka Rinpoche: A Memoir by Rilbur Rinpoche’, in Pabongka Rinpoche, Liberation in the Palm of Your Hand, (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1991).

296. Mandala magazine, ‘Lamas’, May-June 1997.

297. Department of State Publication 11342, Foreign Relations, 1969-1976, Volume XVII, ‘Questions pertaining to Tibet’, [http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/70146.pdf]; Paul Salopek, ‘The CIA’s Secret War in Tibet’, Chicago Tribune, 26 January 1997, [http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/10937786.html?FMT=ABS]; Jim Mann, LA Times, ‘CIA Gave Aid to Tibetan Exiles in ‘60s, Files Show’, Sept 1998, [http://articles.latimes.com/1998/sep/15/news/mn-22993?pg=3]; Kenneth Conboy and James Morrison, The CIA’s Secret War in Tibet, (University Press of Kansas, 2002).

298. Melinda Liu, ‘When Heaven Shed Blood’, Newsweek, 19 April 1999, [http://www.newsweek.com/id/88042/page/1].

299. Diplomacy and the Dalai Lama, FEER (Far Eastern Economic Review)18 March 1974, 32. Quoted in Grunfeld, 151

300. Melinda Liu, ‘When Heaven Shed Blood’, Newsweek, 19 April 1999, [http://www.newsweek.com/id/88042/page/1]

301. BBC Documentary, ‘The Shadow Circus: The CIA in Tibet’, 1998, [http://www.whitecranefilms.com/film/circus.html].

302. Department of State Publication 11342, Foreign Relations, 1969-1976, Volume XVII, ’Questions pertaining to Tibet’, [http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/70146.pdf, p1148].

303. Melvyn C. Goldstein, A History of Modern Tibet: The Calm Before the Storm: 1951 – 1955, (University of California Press, 2007), 35.

304. ‘Re: Dalai Lama and officials arrived safely in India’ 2 April 1959, [www.foia.cia.gov].

305. Thomas Laird, Into Tibet: The CIA’s First Atomic Spy and his Secret Expedition to Lhasa, (Grove/Atlantic Press, 2002).

306. History of Chushigangdruk: Establishment 22, [http://www.chushigangdruk.org/history/history11.htm].

307. Michael Peissel, The Cavaliers of Kham, the Secret War in Tibet, p216 (London: Heinemann 1972 & Boston: Little, Brown & Co. 1973). Quoted in Grunfeld, 163

308. Grunfeld, 163.

309. BBC Documentary, ‘The Shadow Circus: The CIA in Tibet’, 1998, [http://www.whitecranefilms.com/film/circus.html].

310. Grunfeld, 163.

311. Leo E. Rose, The Politics of Bhutan (Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University Press 1977), 122.

312. Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Freedom in Exile (Great Britain, Abacus edition, 2002), 209.

313. Derek Davis, Coups, Kings, and Castles in the Sky, Far Eastern Economic Review, 10 June 1974.

314. For example, for the common Tibetan view of the Panchen Lama, Ngabo Ngawang Jigme or Bapa Phuntsok Wangyal, see ‘Interview with Kasur Thubten Juchen Namgyal (Former Chief Kalon of the Tibetan Cabinet)’, Claude Arpi, Dharamsala, 15 March 1997 [http://www.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/ThubtenJuchen.pdf].

315. Kensaku Okawa, ‘Lessons from Tibetans in Taiwan: their history, current situation and relationship with Taiwanese Nationalism’, in The memoirs of the Institute of Oriental Culture, Volume 152, (University of Tokyo, 2007), 2 & 10 [http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2261/8135/1/ioc152014.pdf].

316. Ibid. 16 & 21.

317. Ibid. 6-8.

318. Melinda Liu, ‘When Heaven Shed Blood’, Newsweek, 19 April 1999, [http://www.newsweek.com/id/88042/page/1].

319. Wall Street Journal, ‘Gyalo Thondup: Interview with the Wall Street Journal’, 20 February 2009, [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123510349274730343.html].

320. Peter Wonacott, Wall Street Journal, ‘In Tibet, a Clash of Approaches’, 20 February 2009, [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123508535435527541.html].

321. People’s Daily, Wednesday, 11 April 2001, [http://english.people.com.cn/english/200104/11/eng20010411_67409.html].

322. Claudia Dreifus, New York Times, ‘The Dalai Lama’, Sunday, 28 November 1993, [http://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/28/magazine/the-dalai-lama.html].

323. Ibid.

324. Gerald Lehner and Tilman Müller, Stern Magazine 23 1997, ‘Ein Held mit braunen Flecken’; Gerald Lehner, Zwischen Hitler und Himalaya – Die Gedächtnislücken des Heinrich Harrer (Vienna, Czernin Verlag, 2007); Heinrich Harrer, Seven Years in Tibet, 1952.

325. Gerald Lehner, Zwischen Hitler und Himalaya – Die Gedächtnislücken des Heinrich Harrer (Vienna, Czernin Verlag, 2007); Heinrich Harrer, Seven Years in Tibet, 1952.

326. Robert J. Lifton, The Nazi Doctors : Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide (New York, NY: Basic Books, 1988), 286, [http://www.holocaust-history.org/lifton/LiftonT286.shtml]; Bruno Beger, Meine Begegnungen mit dem Ozean des Wissens, Konigstein 1986. Beger’s memoirs of Tibet which appeared on The Government of Tibet in Exile Official Website on April 15 2008 but have since been removed, can still be seen here: [http://www.tibet.com/Status/bruno.html].

328. For interview with Serrano where he discusses being the Dalai Lama’s guest in Dharamsala shortly after Indira Gandhi’s funeral in 1984, [http://www.satanism.net/iss/wot/Miguel_Serrano2.html]; Mike Billington, Why Nazis love the Dalai Lama, includes a photo of the Dalai Lama with Serrano in Chile in 1992 (Serrano was the head of the Nazis in Chile at the time), [http://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/2008/2008_10-19/2008_10-19/2008-18/pdf/69-71_3518.pdf].

329. Andrew Purvis and Angela Leuker, Time, ‘Jorg Haider’s New Clothes’, 10 April 2005, [http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1047318,00.html].

330. Originally from Nürnberger Abendzeitung, 19 May 2008, ’Dalai Lama in Nürnberg’: Fans Jubeln, Gegner schimpfen - Steffen Windschall; quoted by German magazine Stern No. 32, 30 July 2009; part of the original German article can be found: [http://www.iivs.de/~iivs01311/Lamaismus/NS-Tibet-8-Harrer.htm].

331. Stern No. 32, 30 July 2009, [http://www.stern.de/magazin/heft/magazin-die-zwei-gesichter-des-dalai-lama-707441.html; English translation available: [http://www.dorjeshugden.com/forum/index.php?topic=504].

332. Victor and Victoria Trimondi, “The Japanese doomsday Guru Shoko Asahara and the XIV. Dalai Lama,” Shadow of the Dalai Lama (2003) [http://www.trimondi.de/SDLE/Part-2-13.htm].

333. Russell Skelton, Sydney Morning Herald, ‘Cult gave Dalai Lama $2m’, 26 April 1996.

334. Ibid.

335. Werner von Bloch, Focus No. 38, ‘Unholy Guarantee’, 18 September 1995.

336. Russell Skelton, Sydney Morning Herald, ‘Cult gave Dalai Lama $2m’, 26 April 1996.

337. Norimitsu Onishi, New York Times, February 28, 2004 [http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/28/world/after-8-year-trial-in-japan-cultist-is-sentenced-to-death.html].

338. BBC SWB (BBC Summary of World Broadcasts) 7th April 1995 quoting Tokyo News Services, [http://www.tibet.ca/en/newsroom/wtn/archive/old?y=1995&m=4&p=7_2].

339. See reference 237.

340. ‘Chronicle of Events’ August 1996, [http://www.westernshugdensociety.org, 14 August 2008].

341. Robert Thurman, ‘The Dalai Lama: A Conversation with Robert Thurman’, Mother Jones Nov-Dec 1997.

342. Research and Analysis Wing, Department of Security, Tibetan Administration, Dharamsala [10 Most Hated Enemies of the Dalai Lama and Tibet], Report No.28/7.8/1997.

343. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_peace_prize.

344. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1989/presentation-speech.html.

345. ‘The Red Terror in Tibet: Interview with the Dalai Lama’, US News and World Report 24 April 1961, 79. (Quoted in Grunfeld, 151).

347. http://thechinabeat.blogspot.com/2009/04/dalai-lama-and-nobel-prize-correcting.html.

348. http://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/13/world/how-and-why-the-dalai-lama-won-the-peace-prize.html.

349. Ibid.

350. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_peace_prize.

351. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1989/presentation-speech.html.

352. Michael Backman, The Asian Insider, ‘The Dalai Lama Eats Meat’, 2006, 247.

353. Goetz.

354. Michael Backman, ‘Selling Tibet to the world’, 5 June 2008, [http://business.theage.com.au/business/selling-tibet-to-the-world-20080604-2lx7.html].

355. James Belither, ‘A Cry for Help’, The Dalai Lama: A Report on the Dalai Lama’s Abuses of Human Rights and Religious Freedoms, (Ulverston, 1997), 11.

356. Grunfeld, 194-6.

357. New York Times,‘World New Briefs: Dalai Lama Group Says it Got Money from CIA’, 2 October 1998.

358. Grunfeld, 201-2.

359. Ibid. 201.

360. Ibid. 201.

361. Michael Backman, The Asian Insider, ‘The Dalai Lama Eats Meat’, 2006, 240-1.

362. Michael Backman, ‘Western media miss the real Tibet story’, The Age, April 9, 2008, [http://business.theage.com.au/business/western-media-miss-the-real-tibet-story-20080408-24nz.html, 9 April 2008].

363. Alexandra David-Néel, Initiations and Initiates in Tibet (New York: University Books, 1959), 128-9.

364. Brendan O’Neill, ‘Is the Dalai Lama a “religious dictator”?, 20 May 2008, [http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php/site/article/5170/].

365. John Roberts, George Magazine, ‘How the CIA Saved the Dalai Lama’, October 1997.

366. Grunfeld, 137.

367. Ibid. & Gelder, 212-3.

368. Gelder, 213.

369. Ibid. 213. For details of the events of March 1959, see also Grunfeld, 134-9.

370. Gelder, 214.

371. Grunfeld, 144.

372. Gelder, 216.

373. Ibid. 217.

374. Ibid. 213-4.

375. Ibid. 218.

376. Ibid. 219.

377. Ibid. 219.

378. Peter Mierau, Nationalsozialistiche Expeditionspolitik: deutsche Asien-Expeditionen 1933 – 1945, (Munich: Herbet Utz Verlag, 2006) 357.

379. Thomas Laird, Into Tibet: The CIA’s First Atomic Spy and His Secret Expedition to Lhasa, (Grove Press, 1st edition May 2002). Original document can be found here: [http://www.thelongridersguild.com/bessac.htm].

380. Allen W. Dulles, Foreign Relations of the United States Eisenhower Administration 1958-1960, Volume XIX, U.S. Response to the Rebellion in Tibet, 3-4 & 24 [http://www.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/Tibet1958.pdf].

381. Capucine Henry (text) and Nicolas Haque (video), France 24, The Dalai Lama’s Demons, August 08, 2008 [http://www.france24.com/en/20080808-dalai-lama-demons-india-buddhism-dorje-shugden].

382. Al Jazeera, The Dalai Lama: The Devil Within, September 30, 2008 [http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/peopleandpower/2008/09/200893014344405483.html].

IMAGES

1. The first statue of Dorje Shugden, made by the Fifth Dalai Lama with his own hands. The statue is now at Pelgyeling Monastery in Nepal.

2. Trode Khangsar, the Temple dedicated to Dorje Shugden by the Fifth Dalai Lama.

3. Line drawing of the Fifth Dalai Lama, Ngawang Losang Gyatso, 1617-1682.

4. The Thirteenth Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso, 1876-1933.

Bundesarchiv, Bild 135-S-13-13-14 Foto: Schäfer, Ernst | 1938/1939

5. Yapshi Langdun, a Tibetan minister who Reting regarded as a rival and outmanoeuvered in the search for the new Dalai Lama.

Bundesarchiv, Bild 135-S-13-13-14 Foto: Schäfer, Ernst | 1938/1939

6. Reting Rinpoche with Bruno Beger in 1938, during one of several German SS expeditions to Tibet.

Bundesarchiv, Bild 135-KA-10-072 Foto: Krause, Ernst | 1938/1939

7. An SS expedition to Tibet in 1938. Reting sent them home with a letter to ‘King Hitler’, praising the Nazi leader and requesting that they strengthen the relationship between the two regimes.378

8. Lhamo Dondrub, as a child in the Muslim village of Taktser before being brought to Lhasa.

9. Enthroned as the Fourteenth Dalai Lama and given the name Tenzin Gyatso.

10. Nowadays the Dalai Lama lives in exile, but who is the real Dalai Lama behind the mask?

11. The Dalai Lama meeting Chairman Mao in 1955.

12. The Dalai Lama voting at the First National People’s Congress, 1954.

13. The Dalai Lama praised Mao as being like a God.

14. A division of the Tibetan army on parade in 1938.

Shafer, Ernst | 1938/1939

15. Bayonet wielding soldiers on guard at the Norbu Linka, the Dalai Lama’s summer palace.

16. This top secret CIA field diary was kept by Douglas MacKiernan and Frank Bessac. It proves that the CIA were in Tibet as early as 1949, before the People’s Liberation Army entered Tibet in 1950. CIA covert operations in Tibet continued until the early 1970s. In recent decades the National Endowment for Democracy has continued CIA activities with respect to Tibet. 379

17. The Dalai Lama with Tibetan Resistance fighters in 1959. According to CIA files, in 1956 the Dalai Lama personally requested the Indian and US governments to support the Tibetan resistance fighters.380

18. Monks surrendering the guns and explosives they were using against the Chinese.

19. Gyalo Dondrub, the Dalai Lama’s brother, involved - in his own words - in ‘very dirty business’.

20. The Dalai Lama inspecting troops at Chakrata. He authorised the Tibetan units of the Indian Special Frontier Force to fight the war in East Pakistan in 1971.

21. John Kenneth Knaus, a CIA operative who was involved with the CIA funded Tibetan guerrillas.

AFP/Getty Images

22. Norbu Dorje, a US-trained former Tibetan guerrilla.

23. Torture implements from the time of 13th & 14th Dalai Lamas on display in Lhasa. This photo shows tools for gouging out eyes and crushing fingers.

24. A Tibetan with his severed arm.

25. Stocks. These were in common use in Shol prison at the base of the Dalai Lama’s 1000-room Potala Palace.

26. Stocks. These were in common use in Shol prison at the base of the Dalai Lama’s 1000-room Potala Palace.

27. A Tibetan whose arm was cut off as punishment.

28. A Tibetan whose Achilles tendons were severed as punishment.

29. A Tibetan in leg-irons, left to wander the streets begging for food.

30. The Dalai Lama with Shoko Asahara, leader of the AUM Cult, who masterminded the sarin gas attack on Tokyo’s subway that killed 12 people.

31. The Dalai Lama with Jorg Haider, leader of Austrian extreme rightwing (FPÖ) party.

32.* The Dalai Lama with Bruno Beger, a convicted Nazi war criminal, who conducted experiments on Jews in German concentration camps; 86 of his subjects were murdered.

* Private Archive Beger/from correspondence with the Austrian journalist Gerald Lehner who investigated the relations between National Socialism and the governments of the Dalai Lamas. Author of Zwischen Hitler und Himalaya. Die Gedächtnislücken des Heinrich Harrer, Czernin-Verlag, Wien (Austria) 2007

33. The Dalai Lama with his friend and mentor Heinrich Harrer. Harrer was a Nazi and an SS sergeant. He joined the SA (Sturm-Abteilung) in 1934 when it was illegal in Austria.

Image from France 24

34. The Dalai Lama in January 2008: ‘These monks must be expelled from all monasteries. If they are not happy, you can tell them that the Dalai Lama himself asked that this be done, and it is very urgent.’381 Subsequent to this, the persecution, already started in 1996, became more intense.

35. Entry is denied to the monasteries and their facilities.

36. Hundreds of monks are expelled and made homeless. Indian Police provide temporary protection for them.

Image from Bod Gyalo

37. Even children are forced to make public oaths denouncing Dorje Shugden.

38. Wanted posters appear around Dharamsala inciting violence to Dorje Shugden practitioners.

Image from France 24

39. Hospitals ban Dorje Shugden worshippers from receiving treatment.

Image from Bod Gyalo

40. The public ‘referendum’ that forces monks from their monasteries.

41. A wall is built at Ganden Monastery to segregate the Shugden monks from the rest of the monastery.

42. Application for identity documents require the person to have denounced Dorje Shugden.

43. The identity card received by those who publicly denounce Dorje Shugden; without this there is no access to food and medicine.

44. Samdhong Rinpoche, the Prime Minister of the Tibetan Government in Exile and principally responsible for trying to fulfil the Dalai Lama’s wish to ‘clean’ society of Shugden practitioners.382

45. These young tulkus from Shar Gaden Monastery were beaten up because they worship Dorje Shugden.

46. These young tulkus from Shar Gaden Monastery were beaten up because they worship Dorje Shugden.

47. These young tulkus from Shar Gaden Monastery were beaten up because they worship Dorje Shugden.

48. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in Australia against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

49. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in Australia against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

50. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in France against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

51. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in France against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

52. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in Germany against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

53. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in Germany against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

54. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in India against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

55. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in the United Kingdom against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

56. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in the United Kingdom against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

57. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in the United Kingdom against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

58. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in the United States against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

59. Demonstrations & Protest Marches in the United States against the Dalai Lama’s religious persecution.

60. Having just received spiritual advice from the Dalai Lama at a talk he gave in Radio City Music Hall, New York, the attendees left the auditorium and immediately began attacking the peaceful protest being held by members of the Western Shugden Society. The Police called in horse-backed reinforcements and heavily armed riot police; finally they closed down several blocks of Manhattan.

61. Having just received spiritual advice from the Dalai Lama at a talk he gave in Radio City Music Hall, New York, the attendees left the auditorium and immediately began attacking the peaceful protest being held by members of the Western Shugden Society. The Police called in horse-backed reinforcements and heavily armed riot police; finally they closed down several blocks of Manhattan.

62. Having just received spiritual advice from the Dalai Lama at a talk he gave in Radio City Music Hall, New York, the attendees left the auditorium and immediately began attacking the peaceful protest being held by members of the Western Shugden Society. The Police called in horse-backed reinforcements and heavily armed riot police; finally they closed down several blocks of Manhattan.

63. Having just received spiritual advice from the Dalai Lama at a talk he gave in Radio City Music Hall, New York, the attendees left the auditorium and immediately began attacking the peaceful protest being held by members of the Western Shugden Society. The Police called in horse-backed reinforcements and heavily armed riot police; finally they closed down several blocks of Manhattan.

64. Having just received spiritual advice from the Dalai Lama at a talk he gave in Radio City Music Hall, New York, the attendees left the auditorium and immediately began attacking the peaceful protest being held by members of the Western Shugden Society. The Police called in horse-backed reinforcements and heavily armed riot police; finally they closed down several blocks of Manhattan.

65. Having just received spiritual advice from the Dalai Lama at a talk he gave in Radio City Music Hall, New York, the attendees left the auditorium and immediately began attacking the peaceful protest being held by members of the Western Shugden Society. The Police called in horse-backed reinforcements and heavily armed riot police; finally they closed down several blocks of Manhattan.

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